摘要 :
Photodegradation of organic pollutants is considered to be the most suitable and cheaper techniques to counter the contamination issues. Metal nanoparticles are considered to be the most effective heterogenous photocatalysts for t...
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Photodegradation of organic pollutants is considered to be the most suitable and cheaper techniques to counter the contamination issues. Metal nanoparticles are considered to be the most effective heterogenous photocatalysts for the photodegradation of organic pollutants. Besides, CuO oxide nanoparticles are well-known photocatalysts for photocatalytically degrading organic pollutants. Herein, we reported the synthesis of pure copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) and nanoclay-supported copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO/NC NPs) by facile chemical reduction technique for swift photodegradation of organic dye. The X-ray diffractogram (XRD) has demonstrated a typical monoclinic phase of CuO NPs. The morphological features via scanning electronic microscopy (FESEM) showed agglomerated morphology of CuO NPs with 372.57 ± 1.76 nm average particle size. The micrographs also revealed the homogenous dispersion of CuO NPs over NC surface in CuO/NC nanocomposite. A polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.39 presented slight variation in the particle size of CuO NPs, which is also supported by the results obtained from atomic force microscopy (AFM), FESEM and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). CuO/NC NPs demonstrated outstanding methyl orange degradation over a very short period of time under simulated light. Using CuO/NC NPs, about 97.18% and 95.96% dye degradations were achieved in merely 4 min, under UV and visible light, respectively. The excellent photodegradation efficacy of CuO/NC NPs can be attributed to the homogenous distribution of CuO NPs, which facilitates the generation of photoexcitons (electrons and holes), enhances charge transfer and minimizes the charge recombination. The NC induced the required photostability by providing sufficient space for NPs distribution.
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摘要 :
The present study adds value to bael fruit pulp by using it in jam production. The functional jams were prepared as T0 (100% apple pulp), T1 (75% apple : 25% bael), T2 (50% apple : 50% bael), T3 (25% apple : 75% bael) and T4 (100%...
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The present study adds value to bael fruit pulp by using it in jam production. The functional jams were prepared as T0 (100% apple pulp), T1 (75% apple : 25% bael), T2 (50% apple : 50% bael), T3 (25% apple : 75% bael) and T4 (100% bael pulp), respectively. Results showed that bael pulp was richer in dietary fiber contents while apple pulp showed higher sugar and bioactive compounds before jam production. Decrease in moisture, nonreducing sugars and pH while increase in acidity, total soluble and reducing sugars (P ≤ 0.05) were observed with nonsignificant changes in dietary fiber for treatments during storage (P ≥ 0.05). The jam processing significantly decreased the vitamin C and phenolic contents (P ≤ 0.05). Maximum decrease of vitamin C (53%) and total phenolic content (75%) was found for T0, respectively. The lowest concentration of bioactive compounds in treatments was noted after 60 days of storage. Overall, the jam samples of T2 presented a higher sensory acceptability.
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Functionalized 2-(aryloxythio)benzoates were regio-selectively prepared by the first [3+3] cyclizations of 3-aryloxythio-l-trimethylsilyloxybuta-l,3-dienes with 3-alkoxy-2-en-l-ones.Diaryl sulfides are pharmacologically relevant c...
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Functionalized 2-(aryloxythio)benzoates were regio-selectively prepared by the first [3+3] cyclizations of 3-aryloxythio-l-trimethylsilyloxybuta-l,3-dienes with 3-alkoxy-2-en-l-ones.Diaryl sulfides are pharmacologically relevant compounds that occur in a number of natural products. Prominent examples include lissoclibadins, dibenzothiophenes, cyclic sulfides, varacins (lissoclinotoxins), and related natural products.1 Classic syntheses of diaryl sulfides include, for example, reactions of arenes with sulfur2 or sulfur dichloride,3 condensations of Grignard or organo-lithium reagents with chlorophenyl sulfides4 or base-mediated reactions of thiophenols with chloroarenes.5 The formation of pblysulfides and low regioselectivities are severe drawbacks of these methods. In contrast, transition-metal-catalyzed6 and metal-free7 C-S coupling reactions allow the synthesis of diaryl sulfides under relatively mild conditions. However, the scope of this approach is limited by the fact that reactions of sterically encumbered substrates are often difficult or not possible at all. In addition, the synthesis of the starting materials, substituted aryl halides or triflates, can be difficult and tedious.
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摘要 :
A simulation technique is developed in TCAD to study the non-linear behavior of RF power transistor. The technique is based on semiconductor transport equations to swot up the overall non-linearity's occurring in RF power transist...
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A simulation technique is developed in TCAD to study the non-linear behavior of RF power transistor. The technique is based on semiconductor transport equations to swot up the overall non-linearity's occurring in RF power transistor. Computational load-pull simulation technique (CLP) developed in our group, is further extended to study the non-linear effects inside the transistor structure by conventional two-tone RF signals, and initial simulations were done in time domain. The technique is helpful to detect, understand the phenomena and its mechanism which can be resolved and improve the transistor performance. By this technique, the third order intermodulation distortion (IMD_3) was observed at different power levels. The technique was successfully implemented on a laterally-diffused field effect transistor (LDMOS). The value of IMD_3 obtained is -22 dBc at 1-dB compression point (P_(1dB)) while at 10 dB back off the value increases to -36 dBc. Simulation results were experimentally verified by fabricating a power amplifier with the similar LDMOS transistor.
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A variety of 5-arylthio-3-hydroxyphthalates were prepared by [4+2] cycloadditions of 3-arylthio-l-trimethylsilyloxy-1,3-butadienes with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate.
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